Carefree, career fantasy, sports drink business … there are many pitfalls to a successful second career. "The Transformation of an elite athlete must be thought as soon as possible, even if the training choices that we made 18 years are not necessarily the same as the desires of end of career," insists Bruno Martini Former goalkeeper of France handball and now general manager of the Paris Handball.

"As soon as possible"

Do nothing in a hurry: the board is now accepted by all players around athlete (coaches, associations, consulting companies to sports, some agents). Many entities are trying to build bridges between the world of sport and of the company. Renault, official partner of the XV of France, has just launched with Proval (union of professional rugby players), a program offering a career to former professional players. One type of initiative more often the values ​​of the sporting world (fighting spirit, a taste for effort …) are highly valued in the business world.

In fact, the discourse is much more difficult to move among young people, especially in sports most media, such as football."Today a young footballer aged 15-16 in the training center already won 500 to 600 euros per month and turned professional at 18, with a nice salary," explains Sébastien Pampanay, director of the Ecole des sports occupations professional, working with football clubs on the training of young athletes. "Even in lesser-known individual sports such as tennis, table tennis a young age of 16 wins in the good clubs from 3500 to 4000 euros net per month. After that, go ask them to pass the exam! "Adds Thierry Maudet, executive director of the National Sports Institute, expertise and performance (INSEP), which trains and prepares high-level individual sports.

Social responsibility of clubs

The less publicized sports such as handball and volleyball are in turn more favorable to a successful conversion.Less concerned with early and huge income, keep young athletes' head on his shoulders. " Especially as their media visibility weaker does not help sponsors and advertising contracts very generous. "Clubs are beginning to understand they have a social responsibility on the support of their post-professional players," said Bruno Martini, 80% of its players are trained parallel.

In rugby, the professionalisation of sport sometimes lose their heads to the younger generations, but those who experienced the period amateur took the lead. With varying success. Kémana Spa, the spa center of Serge Betsen, former International XV of France, filed for bankruptcy earlier this year for lack of sufficient involvement in the management of his company he acknowledges himself.Not enough to scald his brothers studs, "who do not know offline realities professionalism," said Miguel Fernandez, players' agent. " Of the 30 French rugby parties in New Zealand, 14 have a side like Lionel Nallet (mechanical parts), Imanol Harinordoquy (clothing brand) or Vincent Clerc (Team One Group: event and sports marketing).

However, despite the good will, training remains a matter of priorities, and even sacrifices. His 30-year well underway, Bruno Martini had to change twice before finding a club in Nimes framework laid him to spend his degree club manager.

Fault lines as sports

Overall, fault lines affect the earliness and quality of the preparation of a post-career.Whether you are male or female, international sports or not, and in a team sport or individual management of retirement sports varies widely. However, the main difference between the high-profile sports and the more confidential. In the first case, the financial gains will promote a higher awareness of the athlete against the importance of rapidly forming a capital, and form. "In France, only 150 players on the 2000 working professionals do not have to worry financially for a second life project, warns Sébastien Pampanay. However, thinking of his conversion is still not part of the natural gait of a professional football player, unlike other sports where the mentality is different. "

For example, the judoka Décosse Lucie, triple world champion and European champion four of his discipline follows a parallel training as a journalist with the CFJ. A woman in an individual sport, the economy far less developed than that of football or rugby would be aware of any financial potential of his career. But exceptions exist, such as media Mickaël Landreau, footballer and current goalkeeper of the club Lille LOSC, now in training (master of management).

Ultimately, the issue of supervision and training of the athlete according to his discipline are crucial. "There is not a sport, but sports, with different realities, warns of Insep Thierry Maudet. The current problem is that we have cloned the same mode of organization for all disciplines.A gymnast has a volume of training equal or even greater than that of a footballer, to operate in a sport to the economic model does not exist! ". From this point of view, the family and the maturity of the sport often make the difference. "Too many young athletes are not yet aware of these constraints. They dream to come true in their sport, "career" and to live, says the head of school sport. We must make them understand that their responsibility in the field, it should be taken also in life. "

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This contract runs on sixteen for a value of 350 million euros, the amount of the fee to be paid by the Air Force. The economy of the State is estimated at "tens of millions of euros" through the pooling of engineering resources with other projects that also piloting Alcatel-Lucent. The gain is not only economic: the rapid deployment of networks "will allow the bases of the Air Force to have the most advanced technologies." In addition, the provider has made commitments in terms of availability and reliability of networks, together with a penalty system.The contract also includes an obligation to "up-date" mid-life, so that the networks have the latest technology payday lenders.

The most basic to confidential defense

The project will begin in the coming weeks and deployment of the network will be completed in three years. The first "job" however the network will be operational by late 2012. In total 50,000 people are affected by the implementation of these networks that manage the flow of general computer air force, operational information – including monitoring the French airspace – as well as data for preparing missions and conduct operations. This, with a level and a degree of protection from the most basic information to the "secret NATO" or "confidential defense".In this regard, the staff of the state will retain control over the management of cryptographic hardware.

This is the second PPP signed by the Air Force. In 2008, the School of Dax, which trains helicopter pilots of the French Army, jumped on it. She chose the company as DCI external service provider, by entrusting its helicopter fleet, maintenance, and flight hours. All in under a current contract on twenty-two years to 400 million euros, 600 million less than if the school had continued to manage everything herself.

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"Music has long been a huge factor for personalization and identification of the artists," says Thierry Camas, president of MTV Networks France. "We got dressed, and adopted the lifestyle of our stars." With MTV, fans no longer confined to the glossy magazines but follow the escapades and the hits of their heroes on TV and live … historical moments. And Michael Jackson invented the moonwalk, virtually live on the chain-y launched its exclusive clip Thriller. A real event that had nothing to envy to the cinema with his unique format of 14 minutes.This video has forever changed the art of music video and assured the heyday of the chain.

Sensor trend and unparalleled observer of the youth which is the heart of business, MTV is probably the first to feel the mid-1990s that music is becoming commonplace in the extreme. Developed in 2010, the words "Music Television" logo. "The accessibility of music on all platforms, sharing it via social networks has introduced a twist that few industries have known," said Thierry Camas.

Teen in all its formats

The chain is reinventing its original format and media proclaims generational and transgressive. In those years, the musical chain accounts for only 50% of the grid. But to counteract this movement, the group creates variations 100% music.MTV puts adolescents at the center of its innovative all-out in terms of formats. It in the headlines by inventing the first two reality shows with "The Real World" in 1992 and later, the controversial "Jackass." The chain has also exported its "Pimp My Ride," the reality show with crazy cars. Bought in 1986 by Viacom, MTV is developing an international and binding on all distribution platforms. It now operates in 160 countries and has 170 variations. For the group, only one word: "preserve the value of content" on all modes of broadcasting, including video on demand.

"We're agnostic in terms of distribution provided that we are paying," insists Thierry Camas.Today, the group derives its income to 60% of the royalties from operators and 40% advertising.

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For the Spanish, Amancio Ortega is the archetype of the autodidact. A mismo hombre hecho a if. The son of a railroad fortune became the seventh world.The teenager who was scraping by delivering luxury liners became a billionaire by making clothes … cheap!

Born in the province of Leon in 1936, at the beginning of the Spanish Civil War, the young Amancio has experienced the dark years of the postwar period. In his authorized biography, it evokes a memory which has profoundly affected. When he was 12, he intends to apologize to the shopkeeper his mother not being able to give him credit. Amancio then promises to never know hunger. He left school to accept a job as a deliveryman in a store of men's shirts in La Coruna.

A workhorse

Ortega never left textiles. He designed his first model and offers its employers. He was then assisted by his sister, brother, sister-and that would become his wife Rosalia Mera.The first article is a dressing gown, sold – already! – Half the price than the competition … Little by little, the small group up a workshop and a shop, Goa in 1963.

In 1975, was born in La Coruña the first Zara store. Then everything is accelerating proliferation of shops in the 1970s, internationalization in the years 1980 and 1990, IPO in 2001, opening in 2010 of the online store payday advance… Each time, Ortega is in charge. His method: "I always thought that to be successful, we needed each day to the organization upside down."

A workhorse in shirtsleeves and with a revolutionary grounded. This is at least the image he projects. For the richest man in Spain is also one of the most discreet.It was not until 1998 and agrees that Ortega is disseminated a picture of him! He shuns interviews like the plague. We know that the billionaire just enjoy the simple pleasures, such as scrambled eggs with chorizo ​​and potatoes …

The discretion surrounding his private life also. Twice married, Ortega is the father of three children. His first wife Rosalia Mera, is co-founder of Inditex and occupies the 258th place on the Forbes list of richest people in the world. His current wife, Flora Pérez, was the employee of a Zara store, she became one of his key advisers.She gave him a daughter and, say, a possible heir, Marta Ortega.

The captain, however, given the helm to his right arm, Pablo Isla, who has already indicated he intended to follow the course: "2011 will be another year of significant investments to grow the company and create jobs." The conquest of new markets, particularly in Asia, and the acceleration of Internet sales are part of its priorities.

Marta Ortega, too, has been heavily involved in the family firm. However, at age 27, she was probably not ready to take the helm. Not yet, some analysts nuance. The war chest, at least, it deserves. Amancio Inditex owns 60%, through the foundation Amancio Ortega. And, while he yielded to Isla management of the company, Ortega has offered his daughter as President of the foundation.In Madrid and La Coruna, speculation is rife about the future and ambitions of each of the supposed heirs.

In recent years, demand is growing: 430 rooms currently against 150 in 2009. The reasons? "The digital switchover has plunged the price of a copy of an Imax film averaged $ 30,000 in 1500 dollars.In addition, we launched a new funding model for supporting the main rooms of the financial risk for farmers who we are paid on average 20% of gross admissions, "said Richard Gelfond. To enhance its growth, China is Imax. "Within two years, the country will become more important for Europe in our sales. Yet we have 94 movie theaters equipped with the system in Europe against Imax fifty only in China. But we will build 50 this year. Eventually, we will have 177 in China, "says Richard Gelfond. Recently, Imax has concluded a funding agreement with the Chinese company Wanda Cinema Line for 75 rooms. The Canadian company hopes to rely "a total of 300 in 2016." The demand for film takes off in China, where the "price of tickets to Imax theaters is comparable to prices in Europe or the United States."And the increase in the price of a $ 2 for a movie at Imax system encourages the Chinese to go: speaking of this experience to those around them, the audience indicate their social status of those "easy".

Projects in Russia

In addition to China, involves the construction of Imax theaters in Russia but does not count too much on "India, where ticket prices are $ 2." The company has become a gem. Market capitalization ($ 1.8 billion) reached more than eight times its turnover in 2010. The Hexagon is a small country. In France last year, Gaumont Pathé has signed a contract for four Imax theaters. The result is the appointment. "Proceeds from Kung-Fu Panda was five times in theaters in Imax theaters as traditional.The average income is three to five times higher for a room equipped with Imax ensures a minimum quality for the viewer at the screening and squares have additional costs, "added the CEO. But there are only five Imax theaters in France that offer all the latest Harry Potter. To develop another career, that of the remastering of local films in Imax format, the company "needs a dozen Imax theaters," says the boss.

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Bank stocks crippling trend. HSBC Holdings 1.51% of trips in Hong Kong, Mizuho Financial and Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group lost 1.6%, respectively, and 1% at the meeting in Tokyo. Commonwealth Bank of Australia loose it, 0.85%.

The mood is worsened by the U.S. markets, which fell sharply on Friday night. The indexes fell to new technology very important. Greece still worried but the situation in the United States also remains fragile.Side values, the technology sector pulled down the indices including Oracle, which fell 4.06% against a backdrop of disappointing results. So, in Asia, the sector is shunned: Sony Japan lost 1.6%, for example.

Oil companies are also suffering: Japan Petroleum sells and 2.23%, the Australian group Santos yields 2.26% and PetroChina, 0.2%. Oil prices continue to fall on Monday, given the recurring concerns about the solvency of Greece and after the announcement of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IEA) to dip into its strategic reserves. This has brought down the barrel of 7.7% in two sessions. In morning trading, a barrel of "light sweet crude" for August delivery lost 65 cents to 90.51 dollars. That of Brent North Sea crude for August delivery yielded 67 cents to 104.45 dollars.

The AG Tepco looks hectic

Note also that the operator of the nuclear power plant in Fukushima, Tokyo Electric Power (TEPCO: 4.22% to 321 yen), meets Tuesday its shareholders at a general meeting expected under high tension.

The share value of the power company has shrunk about 85% since the accident on March 11, caused by a giant tsunami, which resulted in the emission of radiation into the atmosphere, sea and the soil surrounding the plant located 220 km northeast of Tokyo.

Units of riot police plan to deploy around the large hotel which will host the debate, due to events expected from residents of the prefecture of Fukushima and anti-nuclear activists.

The vote closes days of debate that divided the majority. Because the amendment taxing works of art came from the UMP Marc Le Fur. Since its adoption in Finance Committee on Wednesday, the government objected small personal loans. But it is Nicolas Sarkozy himself is mounted to the plate Tuesday, qualifying in front of ministers and leaders of the majority, "triple stupidity" the idea of ​​taxing works of art.

Tuesday's meeting, Marc Le Fur finally withdrew his amendment, which the coup was introduced by the socialist president of the Finance Committee Jerome Cahuzac. But the UMP did so by raising another issue, that of taxation works of art at their sales. Amendments within these charges will be discussed today.

Companies seem to have gotten the message. They are more likely to offer their employees the opportunity to work from home. Microsoft, Oracle, Renault, EDF or Alcatel-Lucent, have recently concluded agreements encouraging the practice.Even the public service there is, indeed long overdue. Before signing an agreement last January, Secretary of State for Public Georges Tron still lamented that only 1% of state employees working remotely.

20% of employees teleworking in Northern Europe

More generally, 16% of parents surveyed employees say they can already regularly work from home, against just 10% two years ago, he stresses the barometer. In Paris, this proportion rises to 26%. The latest figures published on the subject by the Center for Strategic Analysis revealed a rate of employees teleworking slightly lower at 7% in 2009. In this game, France is lagging behind: in northern Europe, this proportion rises to 20%.

Because employees are not the only ones to win.A study by the National Agency for the Improvement of Working Conditions (NAALC) in March highlighted the many benefits of telecommuting for the employer. According to Denis Berard, in charge of the NAALC, the productivity of employees off from 20% to 30% in this configuration. Less fatigue related to transport, more motivation due to increased autonomy, boost the efficiency of employees. One way, however, reduce property costs and build up a reputation for ecological and social cheaply, said Anact.

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For those who have forgotten, Skype was a major Internet phenomenon of the mid-2000s. This software provides the means to speak freely to his friends around the world. One condition: that two people have installed the Skype software on their computers. Founded in 2003, the company has added new features Pay, becoming a supplier of low cost calls to mobile phones and wired.He also developed offerings for businesses, focusing in particular on the development of teleconferencing and videoconferencing to several speakers.

Monetize its subscriber base

Finally, since last March, Skype integrates advertising. Bands can be inserted into the video chat. One way for the service provider to diversify its revenue sources and monetize its subscriber base. Although the development of other players makes the offer less attractive Skype. For example, some applications can call for free smartphone to smartphone. In addition, the offensive of ISPs that tend to expand the free international calls and fixed to mobile communications is encroaching on turf Skype.More generally, the advent of services connected to the TV could be fatal to many of the activities of Skype my credit score.

However, the brand portfolio and his clients have a real value, including its shareholders would benefit. There is talk of an IPO since 2009. The project, a time for mid-2010, and January 2011, was again postponed until the fall. However, the capital of Skype is owned by Silver Like notably, a private equity fund, which by its nature, is not intended to remain indefinitely in the capital of the company. Another of its shareholders, eBay, has already expressed his desire to leave the capital of Skype. Two years ago, the site online sales expected to take at least $ 1.4 billion operation. An amount that would have since been revised downwards.

IPO

Skype also interested in Facebook and Google, according to Reuters.Both groups would examine, independently, back. Mark Zuckerberg, the owner and founder of Facebook, lead discussions to buy Skype, or to set up a joint venture. This track would also be explored by Google, even if it has a similar service, Google Voice.

If that fails, Skype, which would seek at least a billion dollars from a partial sale of its capital, has not closed the door to an IPO. The company is currently valued at between 3 and 4 billion dollars.

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